Knowledge summary of current socks materials (Chapter 1)

1. Cotton:
a. Divided by the unit "branch" of thickness: 80, 960, 45.32.21, etc.
b. According to the number of yarn weaving, divided into single yarn and double yarn, etc., respectively expressed as S/1 and S/2; for example: 32S/1 means 32 single yarn, 32S/2 means 32 double yarn.
c.According to the accuracy of yarn quality, it can be divided into combed mercerized cotton, mercerized cotton, combed cotton, semi-combed cotton and general cotton.
d. In the process of manufacturing, there are first dye (color yarn) and post dye (weaving sock blanks before dyeing).
Cotton yarn is a yarn made of cotton fiber by spinning process, and is called cotton thread after ply processing. According to the different spinning process, it can be divided into carded yarn and combed yarn.
a. Carded yarn: it is a yarn spun with cotton fibers through a common spinning system.
b. Combed yarn: It is a yarn spun with cotton fibers through a combed spinning system.

2. Hemp: The latest trend in a few European and American countries.

3. Wool: Generally used in winter products, such as wool tights.

4. Rabbit hair: Because the price is lower than wool, it is generally used to replace wool.

5. Acrylic:
a. According to the thickness, there are 28, 24, 12, 32, etc.
b. There are single-strand, double-strand, etc .; the representation is the same as cotton yarn.
c. Divide solid acrylic and limb acrylic, bright acrylic and matte acrylic by appearance or specific gravity.
Acrylic fiber is the trade name of polyacrylonitrile fiber in China, and it is called "Aolan" and "Cashmere" abroad. Usually refers to the synthetic fiber obtained by wet spinning or dry spinning with a copolymer of more than 85% of acrylonitrile and the second and third monomers. Fibers obtained by spinning copolymers with an acrylonitrile content of 35% to 85% are called modified polyacrylonitrile fibers. The performance of polyacrylonitrile fiber is very similar to wool, and its elasticity is good. The resilience rate can be maintained at 65% when extended by 20%. Fluffy and soft, with 15% higher heat retention than wool, known as synthetic wool. Strength 22.1 ～ 48.5cN/dtex, 1-2.5 times higher than wool. It has excellent lightfastness. After one year of exposure to the open air, its strength only drops by 20%. It can be used as curtains, tarpaulins and gun coats. Resistant to acids, oxidants and general organic solvents, but poorly resistant to alkalis. Fiber softening temperature is 190-230 ℃.

6. Polyester:
a. According to the thickness (Unit: Danny), there are 150, 75 Danny, etc.
b. According to the number of yarn weaving, divided into single yarn and double yarn, etc., respectively expressed as D/1 and D/2, such as 75D/1, 75D/2.

7. Inlun: Same as Polyester

8. Nylon:
There are 200, 150, 100, 70, 50, 30, 15 Danny etc. according to the thickness. Note: Different from the unit count of cotton yarn and acrylic, the larger the "Danny" number is, the thicker it is, and the smaller the "Danny" number is, the thinner it is.

9. Cotton-polyester blend: 70% cotton, 30% cotton, 65% cotton, etc.

10. Spandex:
Commonly used are 20/12, 20/15, 20/30, 20/70, 20/75, 30/70, 30/75, 40/70, 40/75 and so on. The number in the front indicates the thickness of the elastic bare belt, such as 20, 40, and the number in the back indicates the "Danny" number of nylon or polyester.
Spandex fiber is the abbreviation of polyurethane fiber. It was first successfully researched by Bayer of Germany in 1937, and DuPont of the United States began industrial production in 1959. At present, there are nearly 40 factories and seven lines of production. The total annual output is about 100,000 tons. China's existing production capacity is about 10,000 tons. Spandex is a kind of synthetic fiber, the composition of which contains more than 85% of polyurethane. There are two varieties of spandex fiber, one is a mosaic copolymer composed of aromatic bis-isolasinase and a polyester segment containing hydroxyl groups (abbreviated as polyester spandex), and the other is a polymer composed of aromatic diisocyanate and hydroxyl group Inlaid copolymer of ether segment (referred to as polyether spandex). Spandex fiber, elastic polyolefin fiber and elastic composite fiber are collectively called elastic fiber.

The above is the content about 10 kinds of sock making materials that I talked about today. If you have any different opinions, please share together.

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